# Textile & Composites > Overview Carbon fiber manufacturing and textile production require sensing systems that can see "Black-on-Black" and handle complex textures. R2R brings Vision System Capabilities to the production floor in a rugged, easy-to-use package. Our sensors utilize spatial awareness to detect thread coun... **Last updated:** 2026-01-11 **Source:** https://r2r.tech/industries/textile-composites --- ## Overview Carbon fiber manufacturing and textile production require sensing systems that can see "Black-on-Black" and handle complex textures. R2R brings **Vision System Capabilities** to the production floor in a rugged, easy-to-use package. Our sensors utilize **spatial awareness** to detect thread counts, gaps, and edges on low-contrast materials without the need for expensive engineering or calibration. ## The Engineering Challenge Detecting dark materials against dark backgrounds is a persistent problem in composites. - Carbon Fiber "Black-on-Black": Detecting the edge of black carbon fiber against a black roller or conveyor belt is incredibly difficult for standard optical sensors due to lack of contrast. - Tow Spreading & Gaps: Individual carbon fiber tows must be spread to form a seamless sheet. Unnoticed gaps reduce structural integrity. - High Temperature: Oxidation ovens operate at high heat, destroying standard electronics inside the process zone. ## The R2R Technical Advantage Our technology sees texture where others see only color, with **versatility** for challenging materials. - Contrast Detection: The sensor's ability to discriminate based on light scattering texture rather than just color allows it to see "Black on Black"—detecting carbon fiber edges against dark backgrounds where others fail. - Wide Viewing Area: Allows tracking of wide sheets or multiple tows with a single sensor unit (up to 960mm), eliminating the need to reposition sensors for different widths or use expensive motorized positioners. - Line Scan Camera Technology: High-resolution pixel arrays enable counting of individual threads and precise gap measurement. - Environmental Robustness: Fiber optic cables allow the electronics to be mounted away from the high heat of oxidation ovens or abrasive environments. - Modularity: A sensor used for web guiding can be repurposed for thread counting or flag detection, protecting your investment. ## Key Applications ### 1. Thread and String Counting The sensor functions as a vision system to count individual threads or strings (e.g., for tire cord or elastic waistbands) and measure the gaps between them. This ensures density consistency and detects broken threads immediately. ### 2. Selvage Measurement Measures the width of the selvage (the self-finished edge of fabric) to minimize trim waste. Accurate monitoring allows for tighter control of the textile finishing process. ### 3. Carpet Manufacturing Tracks the tufting edge to measure the effective width of the carpet. The **Wide Viewing Area** allows tracking of wide materials without needing to reposition sensors. ### 4. Process Monitoring Measures width changes caused by expansion and contraction during dyeing and heating processes. The sensor provides real-time feedback on material dimensional stability under thermal stress. ### 5. Tow Width & Gap Measurement A bank of R2R sensors monitors the width of individual tows and detects gaps between them during the spreading process, ensuring uniform sheet formation. ## Supported Web Guiding Solutions Robust guiding for flexible and textured materials. - Center Guiding: Crucial for carpet and wide-textile manufacturing. Ensures the heavy, often variable-width web remains centered for coating or tufting. - Edge Guiding: Standard guiding for selvedge alignment in weaving or finishing lines. R2R sensors handle the "fuzzy" edge of textiles better than air sensors. - Unwind Guiding: Controls the payout of fabric rolls into the process, preventing wrinkles and tension issues from the start. ## Technical Comparison **The "Scanner vs. Laser Pointer" Analogy:** Comparing an R2R Sensor to a standard photo-eye is like comparing a flatbed scanner to a laser pointer. On a black carbon fiber web, a laser pointer sees nothing—just darkness. The R2R sensor (scanner) sees the weave pattern (texture) of the fiber versus the smooth belt, allowing it to "see" the edge even when there is no color contrast, all while being **Plug-and-Play**. - Contrast: Standard sensors fail on Black-on-Black. R2R uses Texture/Scattering Detection. - Tow Monitoring: Requires multiple narrow sensors. R2R uses Wide Array Sensors (fewer units). - Resolution: Analog sensors can't see threads. R2R offers Line Scan Precision. - Heat: Electronics fail in ovens. R2R's Fiber Optics withstand high temperatures. --- ## About Roll-2-Roll Technologies Roll-2-Roll Technologies designs and manufactures patented fiber-optic web position sensors and advanced web guiding controllers — the precision measurement and control core of modern roll-to-roll manufacturing. Spun out of Oklahoma State University's Web Handling Research Center and trusted by Fortune 500 medical, battery, and nonwovens manufacturers, our patented sensors work without recalibration at ±0.1mm accuracy up to 760 mpm — typical customer outcomes are 50%+ less downtime and payback under six months. Headquartered in Stillwater, Oklahoma, our team of PhDs, controls engineers, and industry veterans extends the sensor + controller core into complete web guide systems including stepper-motor-based linear actuators (RLA, BLA, LHS). - Website: https://r2r.tech - Phone: +1 (888) 290-3215 - Email: sales@r2r.tech